Cylinder construction for internal-combustion engines.



G. M. BLAIWHARD.

GYLINDER'GONSTRUOTION FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

' APPLICATION FILED 151112.25, 1914.

1,124,840., Patented Jan. 1 1915.

CHARLES tr. nrienozmm), or WILLOUGHBY, onro.

CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION FORx'INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

specification of Letters Patent.

Original application filed January 22, 1913, Serial .No. 743,451. Divided and this application filed March- To all whoin it may concern: I

Beit' known that 1, CHARLES M. BLAN- cnnmna citizenof the United States, residing at Willoughby, in the county of Lake and Stateof Oh-io, have-invented a certain new 'and useful Improvement in Cylinder.

Construction for Internal-Combustion EnginG, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had 19 to the accompanying drawings.

This invent'on relates to cylinder and 30 simple construction, made of separable parts effectively connected and having com municating bores. I

Another bbject is to connect the pistons occupying these two bores in such a manner that they may be readily separable, thus allowing accessibility to the parts.

A more specific object is to extend the smaller cylinder into the larger cylinder, thereby reinforcing, with the outer cylinder,

that portion of the smaller cylinder which is weakened by the ports, and providing for bolting the smaller cylinder to the larger cylinder, beyond the ports 0% the inner cylinder.

A feature of my cylinder construction is that it provides for the bores being cylindrical, and open at each end, allowing them to be readily machined during manufacture.

My invention is hereinafter more fully described in connection with the accompanying drawings, and the essential characteristics are set forth in the claims.

In the drawings Figure 1 a side elevation of the cylinders assembled: Fig. 2 is a.

'45 vertical central section through the cylinders and througl'i the larger piston, showing the smaller piston in elevation; Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line of Fig. 2.

As shown in the drawings,"1O indicates that portion of the engine frame in which is journaled the crank shaft, and 11 indicates the larger cylinder connected with that frame portion. This cylinder has a com- '65 paratively large bore, the outer portion of Serial No. 827,031.

which receives a cylindrical portion of the smaller cylinder 12. This cylinder 12 has an annular flange 16, by means of which it may be bolted to the end of the cylinder 11 with suitable bolts or cap screws 17: at its front or outer end it has a slightly enlarged bore closed by a suitable head 20, which is bolted to the cylinder 12 by means of bolts 22, thus forming a combustion chamber in this end of the cylinder. v

The cylinder 11 is provided with a suitable base 13, which, as shown, may consist of an integral lower portion 0f the same casting.

Connected pistons 15 and 18 occupy the cylinders 11 and 12 respectively. The piston 15 has a wrist pin 24 suitably heldtherein, on which is journaled the inner end of a'connecting rod This connects with the crank (not shown) on the main crank shaft of the engine ca-rried bythe frame 10, in the usual manner.

Itwill be seen that the cylinder 12 project-s into the cylinder 11 for a considerable 7 distance. Registering ports are made through the overlapping walls of the two vlinclers. Thus the admission port consists of a passageway 30, in the cylinder 11 and the registering passageway 81 in the cylinder 12, and the exhaust port comprises a, passageway 32 in thecylinder 12 and a passageway 33 through the cylinder 11, the

latter passageway communicating with anexhaust pipe 34. By making these ports through the overlapping portion of the cylinder and bolting the cylinders together be-- youd the ports by means of the flange l6 and bolts 17, the weakest portion of the construction, namely, the parts adjacent of the ports in the inner cylinder, is relieved of the working strain caused by the compression and combustion. Accordingly, the walls of this cylinder may be made lighter, and thus' may be more easily kopt cool by the water jacket hereinafter described.

The cylinder 12 preferably has an inner and an outer wall, the space between which provides a suitable water ja ket This jacket has a suitable intake at 37, and an outlet at 38, whereby thp water may flow around the inner casing and cool. the same. In order to make the parts conveniently accessible, I secure the piston 15 to the piston 18 by-means of bolts 45, Figs. 2 and 3, which screw into the end of the piston 18 and pass through suitable lugs 46 in the piston 15. the open end, and by removing these bolts or cap screws, the two pistons may be separated and drawn out of their respective cylinders, it being only necessary to detach the crank pin from the connecting rod 25 in order to slide these pistons out of their cylinders. This provides a convenient access to the cylinders for cleaning or repairing purposes.

It will be seen from the foregoing description that I have provided a light, cheap and strong cylinder construction, parts of which may be easily assembled and readily separated whenever the occasion requires.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. The combination, with tandem pistons of different diameters, of cylinders there for, the smaller cylinder extending into the larger one, a port through the wall of the smaller cylinder within the larger cylinder, and means for securing the smaller cylinder to the larger cylinder at a point between said port and the head of the smaller cylin- I der.

2; The combination with a cylinder, of a smaller cylinder having spaced Walls providing a water jacket between them, both Walls of said smaller cylinder extending into the larger cylinder, a flange on the outer wall of the smaller cylinder abutting the These bolts are accessible from' end of the larger cylinder and secured to and a port through the wall of the smaller and exhaust ports through the walls at the two cylinders where they overlap, and means for securing the smaller cylinder to the larger cylinder between said ports and the head of the smaller cylinder.

4. The combination of two cylinders ,ci different dimensions, the smaller cyli extending into and fitting the piston bore or the larger cylinder, admission and either ports directly through the walls of the cylinders where they overlap.

5. The combination of tandem pistons of different diameters, cylinders therefor, smaller cylinder being jacketed and having its inner and outer jacket extending into the larger cylinder, admission and exhaust ports through the walls of the smaller cylinder and the largercylinder extending substantially radially through these walls where they overlap.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto my signature in the presence'of two Witnesses CHARLES M. BLANCHARB.

Witnesses Anonnn W. Brcrmnns, JUSTIN W. MAOKLIN 

